DSCA114
汽轮机在开机过程中由于受热使其汽缸膨胀，如果膨胀不均匀就会使汽缸变斜或翘起，这种变形会使汽缸与基础之间产生巨大的应力，由此带来不对中现象，而这种现象，通常是因为滑销系统“卡涩”所引起的。

二、TSI系统

MMS6000 系统是一种智能系统，系统除了配备常规的电源模件 UES815 、 19" 机箱 IMR011 及通讯模件 MMS6831 以外，还有 MMS6312 、MMS6220、MMS6120、MMS6110、MMS6410等监视器。这些监视器都是双通道的，每个通道均可单独使用。每个通道均有独立的提醒和相应的 4～20mA和0～ 10V输出。具有输出连到总线，可通过总线接口进行 485或 232 通讯。

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PMC5565 interface reflective memory cardThe coupling connecting the motor shaft and the equipment system deviates, and the mounting screws are not tightened; Poor engagement of pulleys or gears will also cause load torque changes. Test no-load operation. If it is normal during no-load operation, check whether the combination part of the mechanical system is abnormal; Recognize whether the load inertia, torque and speed are too large, and test the no-load operation. If the no-load operation is normal, reduce the load or replace the driver and motor with larger capacity. Application of Bently 3500 in steel, electric power, chemical and petrochemical industry and measuring points for vibration monitoring



The compressor belongs to the general equipment category, which is better used in steel, power, metallurgy, chemical, petrochemical and other enterprises. The following is a configuration example of Bentley vibration protection system used by the motor to drive the compressor unit through the gearbox for your reference.



Compressor unit: motor, gearbox, compressor



Typical vibration measuring points of Bently 3500 are arranged as follows:



The front and rear bearing boxes of the motor are equipped with shell vibration sensors to measure the j pair vibration of the motor bearings. The low speed end and gao speed end of the gearbox are respectively equipped with case vibration sensors to measure the j pair vibration of the gearbox. The front and rear X-Y direction eddy current sensor system of the compressor is used to monitor shaft vibration. In addition, a set of eddy current sensor system is also used to measure the compressor shaft displacement, and a set of eddy current sensor system is used to measure and monitor the key phase. The system configuration of the vibration monitoring product is as follows:



Centrifugal Compressor – Steam Turbine Drive



For units working in hazardous areas, Bentley sensors and monitoring systems should have the option of multi agency approval units. There is no requirement for the units working in the safe area.



1. Requirements for measuring point configuration



Keyphasor: each shafting of the compressor unit at the same speed is equipped with a Keyphasor measuring point; Bentley 3300XL series eddy current sensor is used for measurement.



Shaft vibration: each sliding support bearing is equipped with a pair of shaft vibration measuring points in X/Y direction (installed vertically to each other), which are measured by Bentley 3300XL series eddy current sensors.



Axial displacement: each thrust bearing of the compressor unit is equipped with double redundant axial displacement measuring points; Bentley 3300XL series eddy current sensor is used for measurement.



Bearing vibration (optional): each rolling support bearing is equipped with two bearing vibration measuring points (installed horizontally and vertically), which are measured by Bentley 330500 series Velomitor piezoelectric vibration velocity sensor.



Gearbox shell vibration (if applicable): a pair of X/Y direction shell vibration measuring points shall be provided at the support bearings of input and output shafts of each gearbox; Bentley 330400 series piezoelectric vibration acceleration sensor is used for measurement.



Overspeed protection (optional): each compressor unit is equipped with three redundant overspeed protection measuring points, which are measured by 3300XL series eddy current sensors. 2. Bently 3500 configuration requirements



Each key compressor unit is equipped with Bentley 3500 frame; Bently 35003500/15 power module;



Bently 35003500/22M transient data interface module; Bently 35003500/25 Keyphasor Module



Bently Bently 35003500/42M monitor module for the above measuring points of shaft vibration, shaft displacement, bearing vibration and shell vibration



(If applicable), 3500/53 triple redundant monitoring module shall be used for overspeed protection monitoring measuring points, and each monitoring channel (shaft vibration, shaft displacement and bearing vibration) shall be configured with two relay output channels; Bently Bently 3500 3500/32 (4-channel) or 3500/33 (16 channel) relay module is adopted, Bently Bently 3500 3500/92Modbus communication gateway is adopted



For units working in hazardous areas, 3500 monitor modules connected to field signals shall be equipped with built-in safety barriers; 3500/04 intrinsically safe grounding module shall be configured in the 3500 rack.



Centrifugal Compressor – Motor Driven



For units working in hazardous areas, Bentley sensors and monitoring systems should have the option of multi agency approval units. There is no requirement for the units working in the safe area.



1. Bently 3500's requirements on the configuration of measuring points for vibration monitoring of the unit



Keyphasor: each shafting of the compressor unit at the same speed is equipped with a Keyphasor measuring point; Bentley 3300XL series eddy current sensor is used for measurement.



Shaft vibration: each sliding support bearing is equipped with a pair of shaft vibration measuring points in X/Y direction (installed vertically to each other), which are measured by Bentley 3300XL series eddy current sensors.



Axial displacement: each thrust bearing of the compressor unit is equipped with double redundant axial displacement measuring points; Bentley 3300XL series eddy current sensor is used for measurement.



Bearing vibration: each rolling support bearing is equipped with two bearing vibration measuring points (installed horizontally and vertically), which are measured by Bentley 330500 series Velomitor piezoelectric vibration velocity sensor.



Bearing temperature (if applicable): each sliding support bearing and thrust bearing shall be equipped with bearing pad temperature measuring points; The working face and non working face of thrust bearing shall be equipped with temperature measuring points at the same time.



Gearbox shell vibration (if applicable): a pair of X/Y direction shell vibration measuring points shall be provided at the support bearings of input and output shafts of each gearbox; Bentley 330400 series piezoelectric vibration acceleration sensor is used for measurement.



2. Bently 3500 configuration requirements



Bently 3500 frame for each key compressor unit



Each Bently 3500 rack is configured with redundant 3500/15 power modules



3500/22M transient data interface module is configured in each Bentley 3500 rack;



For the above Keyphasor measurement points, the Bently 3500 rack of each unit is equipped with corresponding 3500/25 Keyphasor modules



The 3500/42M monitor module must be configured for the above measuring points of shaft vibration, shaft displacement, bearing vibration and shell vibration



(If applicable), the above bearing temperature measuring points need to be configured with corresponding 3500/60, 61 temperature monitoring modules, or 3500/62 process quantity monitoring modules



Each monitoring channel (shaft vibration, shaft displacement and bearing vibration) is equipped with two relay output channels of D-type; Use 3500/32 (4-channel) or 3500/33 (16 channel) relay modules



Each Bently 3500 rack is configured with a 3500/92Modbus communication gateway



For units working in hazardous areas, 3500 monitor modules connected to field signals shall be equipped with built-in safety barriers; 3500/04 intrinsically safe grounding module shall be configured in the 3500 rack.



screw compressor



For units working in hazardous areas, Bentley sensors and monitoring systems should have the option of multi agency approval units. There is no requirement for the units working in the safe area.



1. Bently measuring point configuration requirements



Keyphasor: each shafting of the compressor unit at the same speed is equipped with a Keyphasor measuring point; Bentley 3300XL series eddy current sensor is used for measurement.



Shaft vibration: each sliding support bearing is equipped with a pair of shaft vibration measuring points in X/Y direction (installed vertically to each other), which are measured by Bentley 3300XL series eddy current sensors.



Axial displacement: each thrust bearing of the compressor unit is equipped with double redundant axial displacement measuring points; Bentley 3300XL series eddy current sensor is used for measurement.



Bearing vibration: each rolling support bearing is equipped with two bearing vibration measuring points (installed horizontally and vertically), which are measured by Bentley 330500 series Velomitor piezoelectric vibration velocity sensor.



Bearing temperature (if applicable): each sliding support bearing and thrust bearing shall be equipped with bearing pad temperature measuring points; The working face and non working face of thrust bearing shall be equipped with temperature measuring points at the same time.



Gearbox shell vibration (if applicable): a pair of X/Y direction shell vibration measuring points shall be provided at the support bearings of input and output shafts of each gearbox; Bentley 330400 series piezoelectric vibration acceleration sensor is used for measurement.



2.3500 Configuration requirements



Each key compressor unit is equipped with Bentley 3500 frame



Each Bently 3500 rack is configured with redundant 3500/15 power modules



3500/22M Transient Data Interface Module (RJ45 Network Interface) is configured in each Bentley 3500 rack



For the above Keyphasor measurement points, the Bently 3500 rack of each unit is equipped with corresponding 3500/25 Keyphasor modules



The 3500/42M monitor module must be configured for the above measuring points of shaft vibration, shaft displacement, bearing vibration and shell vibration



(If applicable), the above bearing temperature measuring points need to be configured with corresponding 3500/60, 61 temperature monitoring modules, or 3500/62 process quantity monitoring modules



Each monitoring channel (shaft vibration, shaft displacement and bearing vibration) is equipped with two relay output channels of D-type; Use 3500/32 (4-channel) or 3500/33 (16 channel) relay modules



Each Bently 3500 rack is configured with a 3500/92Modbus communication gateway



For units working in hazardous areas, 3500 monitor modules connected to field signals shall be equipped with built-in safety barriers; 3500/04 intrinsically safe grounding module shall be configured in the 3500 rack. API618 reciprocating compressor



For units working in hazardous areas, Bentley sensors and monitoring systems should have the option of multi agency approval units. There is no requirement for the units working in the safe area.



1. Requirements for measuring point configuration



Multi event Keyphasor: A multi event Keyphasor runner MEW is installed at the drive end of the reciprocating compressor to measure the Keyphasor reference signal of the reciprocating compressor. The multi event Keyphasor runner can be Bentley standard multi event runner MEW, or the reciprocating compressor manufacturer can customize and design the multi event Keyphasor runner according to Bentley's engineering experience in multi event Keyphasor runner based on its own equipment structure design characteristics. The multi event Keyphasor signal is measured by Bentley 3300XL series eddy current sensor.



Crankcase vibration: a vibration speed sensor is arranged on the horizontal axis of each main bearing between two cylinder rows of the reciprocating compressor crankcase to measure the crankcase body vibration. Bentley 330500 series Velomitor piezoelectric vibration speed sensor is used when the working speed of the reciprocating compressor is higher than 500 rpm; Bentley 190501VelomitorCT piezoelectric vibration speed sensor is used when the working speed is lower than 500rpm.



Crosshead vibration: redundant acceleration sensors are configured on the vertical plane at the midpoint of crosshead movement of each cylinder of the reciprocating compressor to monitor the impact event of reciprocating components; Bentley 330425 acceleration sensor is used for measurement.



Piston rod position: a pair of mutually perpendicular piston rod position measuring points shall be configured in the horizontal and vertical directions of each cylinder of the reciprocating compressor perpendicular to the piston rod plane; Bentley 3300XL series eddy current sensor is used for measurement. For reciprocating compression piston rod measurement.



Cylinder dynamic pressure: each cylinder of the reciprocating compressor is equipped with two cylinder pressure measuring points (suction and exhaust), which are measured by Bentley 165855 cylinder pressure sensor.



Bearing vibration: each main bearing in the crankcase of the reciprocating compressor is equipped with a speed sensor to measure the bearing vibration. Bentley 330500 series Velomitor piezoelectric vibration speed sensor is used when the working speed of the reciprocating compressor is higher than 500 rpm; Bentley 190501VelomitorCT piezoelectric vibration speed sensor is used when the working speed is lower than 500rpm.



Bearing temperature: each main bearing is equipped with a temperature sensor to measure the bearing temperature.



Air valve temperature: each air valve (suction valve and exhaust valve) of the reciprocating compressor cylinder is equipped with a temperature measuring valve temperature.



Gearbox shell vibration (if applicable): a pair of X/Y direction shell vibration measuring points shall be provided at the support bearings of input and output shafts of each gearbox; Bentley 330,400 series piezoelectric vibration acceleration sensor is used for measurement.



Motor pad vibration: each rolling support bearing is equipped with two pad vibration measuring points (installed horizontally and vertically), which are measured by Bentley 330500 series Velomitor piezoelectric vibration velocity sensor.



2. Bently 3500 configuration requirements
In paper and board mills.. in a wide range of
the horizontal force component resulting from
converting operations... and in plants processing
web tension on a roll.
textiles, plastics, rubber or almost any web mate-
Several models and nominal loads are available
ial you can think of, you'll find ABB PillowBlock
in standard stainless steel constructions as well as
tension measurement systems.
in acid-resistant and mill- duty versions.
The performance of the PllowBlock load cells
The user-friendly digial signal-processing
is unsurpassed for applications characterized by
elecronics provides a high level of functionality to
heavy rll, high speeds and severe conditions - in cover a wide range of applications.
some instances they're the only viable option.
The key reason is the operating principle.
ABB Pillow Block load cells produce signals as a
result of magnetic change, which frees them from
the ineviable limitations and design compromises
of measurement technologies relying on some
form of physical movement.
The result is a load cell that combines srong,
low-impedance signal output with an exceedingly
stiff and rugged construction. A reliable, high-
performance load cell with exceptional resistance
to vibration, overloads, extreme temperatures and
otherwise harsh environments.
A complete PllowBlock measuring system
consists of appropriately sized load cells and a ten-
sion electronics. A junction box is sometimes used
to simplify the cabling and reduce cabling costs.
ABB offers two different types of PillowBlock
load cell: one design intended for conventional
vertical force measurement, and a second,
unique design that measures only


在造纸厂和纸板厂

水平力分量由

转换操作…和厂内加工

卷筒纸张力。

纺织品、塑料、橡胶或几乎任何网状材料-

有几种型号和额定负载可用

如果你能想到，你会发现ABB枕头垫

标准不锈钢结构以及

张力测量系统。

耐酸和研磨型。

PllowBlock称重传感器的性能

用户友好的数字信号处理

对于具有以下特征的应用程序来说是无与伦比的

电子技术为

重型rll、高速和恶劣条件-适用范围广泛。

在某些情况下，它们是可行的选择。

关键原因是操作原理。

ABB枕式块称重传感器作为

磁性变化的结果

不合理的限制和设计妥协

测量技术依赖于

身体运动的形式。

结果是将srong，

低阻抗信号输出

坚固耐用的结构。可靠、高-

具有卓越电阻的高性能称重传感器

振动、过载、端温度和

否则环境恶劣。

完整的PllowBlock测量系统

由适当尺寸的称重传感器和十个-

视觉电子。有时使用接线盒

以简化布线并降低布线成本。

ABB提供两种不同类型的枕头垫

称重传感器：一种设计用于传统

垂直力测量，

独特的设计，仅测量
The PressductorP difference
Like ABB's other load cells based on Pressductor
Technology, PillowBlock Load Cells rely on ectto-
magnetic changes in the transducer, not on physical
movement, to sense fluctuations in web tension.
The Pressductor" Technology operating principle
provides exceptional improvements in load cell
performance characteristics, including reliability
(notably absence of drif), durability, repeatabiliy,
and wider measurement range.
Machined from a solid block of steel, the
load cells are rugged and siff, affording high
overload protection as well as an extended mea-
surement range above the nominal capacity. And
they won't contribute to machine vibration, even
at high speeds.
Since the transducer action - the magnetic
flux - takes place inside a steel core, environmen-
tal factors like dirt or fluids can't degrade perfor-
mance and reliabiliy.
Furthermore, low transducer impedance - less
then a couple of ohms - helps eliminate suscep-
tibility to radio frequency and elecromagnetic
interference.

PressductorP差异

与ABB基于Pressductor的其他称重传感器一样

技术，枕式称重传感器依赖ectto-

传感器中的磁性变化，而不是物理变化

以感测卷筒纸张力的波动。

Pressductor“技术操作原理

在称重传感器中提供了卓越的改进

性能特征，包括可靠性

（特别是没有drif）、耐久性、可重复性、，

以及更宽的测量范围。

由实心钢块加工而成

称重传感器坚固耐用，应力强度因子高

过载保护和扩展mea-

额定容量以上的测量范围。和

它们甚至不会导致机器振动

在高速下。

由于传感器动作-磁性

通量-发生在钢芯内部，环境-

污垢或液体等金属因素不会降低性能-

性能和可靠性。

此外，传感器阻抗低

然后几欧姆-有助于消除suscep-

射频和电磁兼容性

干扰
How the Measurement Signal Is Generated
Two commonly used transducer types - the strain
gauge and the LVDT transducer - rely on physi-
cal movement in the
transducer to produce a
measurement signal (see
Strain gange: Sretching alers drawings). Stretching，
reistance of ectrial circuits. compression or bending
motions are prerequisites for signal generation.
ABB's exclusive Pressductor Transducer produces
a signal as a result of changes in an electromagnetic
field. This operat-
ing principle has its
。