指令控制器是控制器中相当重要的部分,它要完成取指令、分析指令等操作,然后交给执行单元 (ALU或FPU)来执行,同时还要形成下一条指令的地址。 2、时序控制器 时序控制器的作用是为每条指令按时间顺序提供控制信号。时序控制器包括时钟发生器和倍频定义 单,其中时钟发生器由石英晶体振荡器发出非常稳定的脉冲信号, 就是CPU的主频;而倍频定义单元 则定义了CPU主频是存储器频率(总线频率 )的几倍。 3、总线控制器 总线控制器主要用于控制CPU的内外部总线,包括地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等等。 4、中断控制器 中断控制器用于控制各种各样的中断请求,并根据优先级的高低对中断请求进行排队,逐个交给 CPU 处理。 1、cpu控制器的功能是分析指令并发出相应的控制信号。CPU包括运算逻辑部件、寄存器部件和控制部件等。 2、中央处理器 (CentralProcessingUnit)，简称CPU，是1971年推出的一个计算机的运算核心和控制核心，是信息处理、程序运行的终执行单元。CPU包含运算逻辑部件、寄存器部件和控制部件等，并具有处理指令、执行操作、控制时间、处理数据等功能。其自产生以来，在逻辑结构、运行效率以及功能外延上取得了巨大发展。寄存器部件，包括通用寄存器、专用寄存器和控制寄存器。通用寄存器又可分定点数和浮点数两类，它们用来保存指令执行过程中临时存放的寄存器操作数和中间(或终)的操作结果。通用寄存器是中央处理器的重要组成部分，大多数指令都要访问到通用寄存器。通用寄存器的宽度决定计算机内部的数据通路宽度，其端口数目往往可影响内部操作的并行性。 CPU的主要功能有四个，分别是顺序控制、操作控制、时间控制、数据加工。   1、顺序控制：这是指控制程序中指令的执行顺序。程序中的各指令之间是有严格顺序的，必须严格按程序规定的顺序执行，才能保证计算机工作的正确性。 2、操作控制：一条指令的功能往往是由计算机中的部件执行一系列的操作来实现的。CPU要根据指令的功能，产生相应的操作控制信号，发给相应的部件，从而控制这些部件按指令的要求进行动作。 3、时间控制：时间控制就是对各种操作实施时间上的定时。在一条指令的执行过程中，在什么时间做什么操作均应受到严格的控制。只有这样，计算机才能有条不紊地自动工作。 4、数据加工：即对数据进行算术运算和逻辑运算，或进行其他的信息处理。 拓展资料： CPU(Central Processing Unit)，即中央处理器。CPU从雏形出现到发展壮大的今天，由于制造技术的越来越先进，其集成度越来越高，内部的晶体管数达到几百万个。虽然从初的CPU 发展到现在其晶体管数增加了几十倍，但是CPU的内部结构仍然可分为控制单元，逻辑单元和存储单元三大部分。 CPU的性能大致上反映出了它所配置的那部微机的性能，因此CPU的性能指标十分重要。 CPU性能主要取决于其主频和工作效率。 1、处理指令 英文Processing instructions ，这是指控制程序中指令的执行顺序。程序中的各指令之间是有严格顺序的，必须严格按程序规定的顺序执行，才能保证计算机系统工作的正确性。 2、执行操作 英文Perform an action，一条指令的功能往往是由计算机中的部件执行一系列的操作来实现的。CPU要根据指令的功能，产生相应的操作控制信号，发给相应的部件，从而控制这些部件按指令的要求进行动作。 3、控制时间 英文Control time，时间控制就是对各种操作实施时间上的定时。在一条指令的执行过程中，在什么时间做什么操作均应受到严格的控制。只有这样，计算机才能有条不紊地工作。 4、处理数据 即对数据进行算术运算和逻辑运算，或进行其他的信息处理。其功能主要是解释计算机指令以及处理计算机软件中的数据， 并执行指令。 拓展资料： cpu的作用 cpu的内部结构可分为控制单元，逻辑单元和存储单元三大部分。cpu的工作原理就象一个工厂对产品的加工过程：进入工厂的原料(指令)，经过物资分配部门(控制单元)的调度分配，被送往生产线(逻辑运算单元)。 生产出成品(处理后的数据)后，再存储在仓库(存储器)中，后等着拿到市场上去卖(交由应用程序使用)。cpu作为是整个微机系统的核心，它往往是各种档次微机的代名词，如往日的286、386、486，到如今的奔腾、奔腾四、K6等等，cpu的性能大致上也就反映出了它所配置的那部微机的性能，因此它的性能指标十分重要。 What is the function of the controller in the CPU  The controller is the command and control center of the entire CPU, which consists of the instruction register (IR), program counter The PC (ProgramCounter) and Operations Controller 0C (OperationController) are composed of three components, which coordinate the orderly operation of the entire computer Work is extremely important. Below are some relevant introductions organized by the editor for everyone, hoping to be helpful! A brief introduction to the functions of the controller in the CPU (1) Arithmetic unit 1. Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) ALU mainly performs fixed-point arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division), logical operations (AND or non XOR), and shift operations on binary data. stay  Some CPUs also have shifters specifically designed to handle shift operations.  Usually, an ALU consists of two inputs and one output. An integer execution unit is sometimes referred to as an IEU (Integer Execution Unit). We communicate The commonly used term 'CPU is XX bits' refers to the number of bits of data that ALU can process. 2. Floating Point Unit (FPU) FPU is mainly responsible for floating- point operations and high-precision integer operations. Some FPUs also have vector operation capabilities, while others have specialized Vector processing unit.  3. Universal register set A universal register set is the fastest set of memory that stores the operands and intermediate results involved in the operation. RISC and CISC have significant differences in the design of general-purpose registers. CISC usually has very few registers, mainly due to the influence of the time Hardware costs are limited. For example, the x86 instruction set only has 8 general-purpose registers. So, CISC's CPU execution is mostly done by accessing memory The data in the memory, not in the register. This slows down the entire system. RISC systems often have many commonalities Registers, and the use of overlapping register windows and register heap techniques to fully utilize register resources. For the disadvantage of only supporting 8 general- purpose registers in the x86 instruction set, the latest CPUs of Intel and AMD both adopt a type called "register" The technology of "device renaming" allows the x86 CPU to break through the limit of 8 registers, reaching 32 or even more. However, phase For RISC, this technology requires an additional clock cycle for register operations to rename registers. 4. Dedicated register A dedicated memory is usually a set of status registers that cannot be changed by a program and is controlled by the CPU itself to indicate a certain state. (2) Controller The arithmetic unit can only perform calculations, while the controller is used to control the entire CPU's operation.  1. Instruction controller The instruction controller is a very important part of the controller, which needs to complete operations such as fetching and analyzing instructions, and then hand them over to the execution unit (ALU or FPU) to execute, while also forming the address of the next instruction. 2. Timing controller The function of a timing controller is to provide control signals in chronological order for each instruction. The timing controller includes a clock generator and frequency doubling definition Among them, the clock generator emits a very stable pulse signal from a quartz crystal oscillator, which is the main frequency of the CPU; And the frequency doubling definition unit It defines how many times the CPU main frequency is the memory frequency (bus frequency). 3. Bus controller The bus controller is mainly used to control the internal and external buses of the CPU, including address buses, data buses, control buses, and so on. 4. Interrupt controller The interrupt controller is used to control various interrupt requests and queue them one by one based on their priority level CPU processing. 1. The function of the CPU controller is to analyze instructions and issue corresponding control signals. The CPU includes operational logic components, register components, and control components. 2. The Central Processing Unit, also known as the CPU, is a computing and control core of a computer introduced in 1971. It is the ultimate execution unit for information processing and program execution. The CPU includes operational logic components, register components, and control components, and has functions such as processing instructions, executing operations, controlling time, and processing data. Since its inception, it has made significant progress in logical structure, operational efficiency, and functional extension. Register components, including general- purpose registers, specialized registers, and control registers. General purpose registers can also be divided into fixed point and floating point numbers, which are used to store register operands temporarily stored during instruction execution and intermediate (or final) operation results. Universal registers are an important component of the central processing unit, and most instructions need to access them. The width of a general-purpose register determines the width of the data path inside a computer, and the number of ports can often affect the parallelism of internal operations. The main functions of the CPU are sequence control, operation control, time control, and data processing. 1. Sequential control: This refers to the execution order of instructions in the control program. There is a strict order between the instructions in the program, and it is necessary to strictly follow the sequence specified in the program to ensure the correctness of computer operation.  2. Operational control: The function of an instruction is often achieved by a series of operations performed by components in a computer. The CPU needs to generate corresponding operation control signals based on the function of the instructions, send them to the corresponding components, and control these components to act according to the requirements of the instructions. 3. Time control: Time control is the implementation of timing for various operations. During the execution of an instruction, there should be strict control over what operations are performed at any time. Only in this way can computers work systematically and automatically.  4. Data processing: refers to performing arithmetic and logical operations on data, or performing other information processing. Extension materials: CPU (Central Processing Unit), also known as the central processing unit. Today, with the emergence and development of CPUs, due to the increasingly advanced manufacturing technology, their integration is becoming higher and higher, with the number of internal transistors reaching several million. Although the number of transistors has increased dozens of times since the initial development of CPU, the internal structure of CPU can still be divided into three parts: control unit, logic unit and storage unit. The performance of the CPU roughly reflects the performance of the microcomputer it is configured with, so the performance indicators of the CPU are very important. CPU performance mainly depends on its main frequency and work efficiency.  1. Processing Instructions Processing instructions in English refer to the order in which instructions are executed in a control program. There is a strict order between the instructions in the program, and it is necessary to strictly follow the sequence specified in the program to ensure the correctness of computer system operation. 2. Execute Action The function of an instruction is often achieved by a series of operations performed by components in a computer. The CPU needs to generate corresponding operation control signals based on the function of the instructions, send them to the corresponding components, and control these components to act according to the requirements of the instructions. 3. Control time  Control time in English refers to the timing of various operations. During the execution of an instruction, there should be strict control over what operations are performed at any time. Only in this way can computers work in an orderly manner. 4. Processing data That is, performing arithmetic and logical operations on data, or performing other information processing. Its main function is to interpret computer instructions, process data in computer software, and execute instructions.  Extension materials: The Role of CPU The internal structure of cpu can be divided into control unit, logical unit and storage unit. The working principle of a CPU is like the processing of products in a factory: the raw materials (instructions) entering the factory are dispatched and distributed by the material distribution department (control unit), and then sent to the production line (logical computing unit). After producing the finished product (processed data), it is stored in the warehouse (storage) and finally waiting to be sold on the market (for application use). As the core of the entire microcomputer system, CPU is often synonymous with various grades of microcomputers, such as 286, 386, 486 in the past, and now Pentium, Pentium IV, K6, etc. The performance of CPU roughly reflects the performance of the microcomputer it is configured with, so its performance indicators are very important.