
VE4002S1T2B3日常维护事项范围0势近日,ABB与可持续能源解决方案的0导者Aker Solutions公司签订了一份供货协议,将为挪威的北极光(Northern Lights)项目提供主要的电气、自动化和安全系统。Aker Solutions公司是该项目的设计、采购和施工(EPC)总承包商。该项目是由挪威国家石油公司Equinor、壳牌和道达尔能源合资建设的0个工业碳捕集和储存项目,旨在开发一种开放且灵活的基础设施来安全存储欧洲工业所排放的二氧化碳。项目一期计划于2024年年中完成,届时将可实现每年永0封存150万吨二氧化碳,项目二期储存能力将扩展至每年500万吨以上。ABB自动化、电气和数字化解决方案将成为北极光项目的重要组成部分




帮助新的碳捕集终端实现远程操作,并确保设施0效运营。借助ABB行业00的分布式控制系统ABB Ability™ 系统800xA,运营人员将能够更清晰地掌握北极光储存设施的运营状况。ABB系统提供的实时和历史数据分析能力能够即时呈现工厂的运营数据和KPI,从而帮助运营人员做出更准确、更明智的决策,并选择0佳的资产和过程性能0化方案。ABB不仅是分布式控制系统的市场0导者,也是我们长期信赖的合作伙伴,对我们在陆上、海上和海底项目的业务及专长有着全面的了解。这是我们选择供应商的关键考量。我们必须将重要的远程运营委托给在可靠性和性能0化方面都具备丰富成功经验的合作伙伴,为这项重要发展计划奠定坚实的基础。
全球要在2030年达到17亿吨1二氧化碳捕集,在2050年前实现净零排放,鉴于目前无法遏制工业碳排放,工业碳捕集和封存能力无疑至关重要。北极光是一项意义重大的发展计划,不仅有助于重新平衡碳循环,而且展示了创新精神。我们很0兴能够参与这一鼓舞人心的项目,为实现更安全、智能和可持续的未来作出贡献。专用运输船将捕获并液化处理的二氧化碳从排放地运输到挪威西部的北极光Øygarden储存设施,并通过Equinor位于约7公里外的Sture终端设施进行远程操控。为了实现远程运营,ABB将在北极光存储设施建立一个0进的扩展操作员工作站,该工作站将与Sture的中央控制室协同工作,通过无缝通信大幅缩短响应时间,提供24/7远程操作。
ABB不仅提供岸电解决方案,还将通过电力过程管理系统以及整合0低压配电盘和变压器来部署主电气系统,为整个项目提供电力支持。7月7日-7月10日,ABB亮相0届厦门国际红电新型电网设备展览会,带来全球00的数字化配电解决方案。此次展会聚焦构建我国电力电气行业供给侧、需求侧的紧密循环平台,联合供应链上下游共同打造新型电力系统,助力实现“双碳”目标。
ABB展示了00的中低压配电产品及系统解决方案,携ABB UniGear ZS1 500mm柜宽中压空气绝缘金属封闭数字化开关柜、PrimeGear ZX0环保气体绝缘开关设备、NeoGear™叠层母排方案低压开关柜、iVD4®中压智能化解决方案等创新产品及解决方案,呈现出ABB为实现中国“碳中和”目标提供的00技术支撑。实现“双碳”目标,需要构建以新能源为主体的新型电力系统,通过ABB ZEE600智慧能源管理中台的多策略精准调0创新解决方案,实现“源-网-荷-储”柔性精准调控,打造绿色低碳、坚强可靠、智能0效、安全舒适的智慧园区,通过AI大数据分析0化及精准调控管理,可实现清洁能源0大化就地消纳,提0能源使用效率,助力实现碳减排目标。ABB UniGear ZS1 500mm宽开关柜,中压空气绝缘开关成套电力物联网解决方案,柜宽仅500mm, 带可抽出式断路器,占地面积减少25%,实现双台预拼出厂,提0现场安装效率。运用ABB Ability™ 云技术,全生命周期内“呵护”设备健康,实现从被动运维和预防性检测到预测性维护的跨越式转变。
ABB PrimeGear ZX0是ABB在数字经济和双碳时代,基于成熟技术所推出的契合现代绿色发展理念的10/24kV环保型数字化气体绝缘开关设备。该产品继承了现有GIS产品的0点,在环保,安全,可靠,小型化和智能化等方面都实现了新的突破。该产品可广泛适用于居民配电, 轨道交通,商业建筑,工业,0速公路,桥梁隧道等0域。ABB NeoGear™低压开关柜是ABB集团革命性的创新成果。0新款NeoGear™开关柜采用创新的四极叠层母排方案,结合ABB Ability™平台的连接性和数字化能力,可减少25%的占用空间,减少20%的发热量,降低30%的运维成本。
这款开关柜还具有“更0级别”的安全设计,全绝缘设计确保所有带电部件的安全防护,使用的母线组件比传统开关设备减少92%,电气接头减少90%。在降低成本、提0运维效率的基础上让开关设备更加安全,成为电力、食品饮料、数据中心等行业的理想选择。此外,iVD4®中压智能化解决方案也在展会中亮相,它实现了VD4真空断路器与传感器、监测单元的深度融合,一体化解决方案即装即用,帮助客户更加顺利直观地实现对开关设备状态的感知,精准评价体系提供针对性运维建议,为客户带来更0质、更可靠、更安全的智慧配电运行和管理体验。0电流型
电路拓扑结构在低压变频器的直流环节由于采用了电感元件而得名。输入侧采用可控硅移相控制整流,控制电动机的电流,输出侧为强迫换流方式,控制电动机的频率和相位。能够实现电机的四象限运行。
0电压型
前段引入降压变压器,将电网降压,然后连接低压变频器。低压变频器输入侧可采用可控硅移相控制整流,也可以采用二管三相桥直接整流,中间直流部分采用电容平波并储能。逆变或变流电路常采用 IGBT元件,通过SPWM变换,即可得到频率和幅度都可变的交流电,再经升压变压器变换成电机所需要的电压等级。需要指出的是,在变流电路至升压变压器之间还需要置入正弦波滤波器(F),否则升压变压器会因输入谐波或dv/dt过大而发热,或破坏绕组的绝缘。该正弦波滤波器成本很0,一般相当于低压变频器的1/3到1/2的价格。
00变频
00变频器无需升降压变压器,功率器件在电网与电动机之间直接构建变换器。由于功率器件耐压问题难于解决,目前直接的做法是采用器件串联的办法来提0电压等级,其缺点是需要解决器件均压和缓冲难题,技术复杂,难度大。但这种变频器由于没有升降压变压器,故其效率较0低0方式的0,而且结构比较紧凑。
11矢量控制的0压变频器也已经在应用。
国外现状
国外各大的变频器生产商,均形成了系列化的产品,其控制系统也已实现全数字化。几乎所有的产品均具有矢量控制功能,完善的工艺水平也是国外的特点。在发达国家,只要有电机的场合,就会同时有变频器的存在。其现阶段发展情况主要表现如下:
① 技术开发起步早,并具有相当大的产业化规模。
② 能够提供特大功率的变频器,已超过10000KW。
③ 变频调速产品的技术标准比较完备。
④ 与变频器相关的配套产业及行业初具规模。
⑤ 能够生产变频器中的功率器件,如IGBT、IGCT、SGCT等。
⑥ 0压变频器在各个行业中被广泛应用,并取得了显著的经济效益。
⑦ 产品国际化,当地化加剧。
⑧ 新技术,新工艺层出不穷,并被大量的、快速的应用于产品中。
未来态势
交流变频调速技术是强弱电混合,机电一体的综合技术,既要处理巨大电能的转换(整流、逆变),又要处理信息的收集、变换和传输,因此它必定会分成功率和控制两大部分。前者要解决与0压大电流有关的技术问题,后者要解决的软硬件控制问题。因此,未来0压变频调速技术也将在这两方面得到发展,其主要表现为:
① 0压变频器将朝着大功率,小型化,轻型化的方向发展。
② 0压变频器将向着直接器件0压和多重叠加(器件串联和单元串联)两个方向发展。
③ 更0电压、更大电流的新型电力半导体器件将应用在0压变频器中。
④ 现阶段,IGBT、IGCT、SGCT仍将扮演着主要的角色,SCR、GTO将会退出变频器市场。
⑤无速度传感器的矢量控制、磁通控制和直接转矩控制等技术的应用将趋于成熟。
⑥ 全面实现数字化和自动化:参数自设定技术;过程自0化技术;故障自诊断技术。
⑦ 应用32位MCU、DSP及ASIC等器件,实现变频器的0精度,多功能。
⑧ 相关配套行业正朝着化,规模化发展,社会分工将更加明显。随着技术研究的进一步深入,在理论上和功能上国产0压变频器已经可以与进口变频器相比肩,但是受工艺技术的限制,与进口产品的差距还是比较明显。这些状况主要表现在如下几个方面:
① 国外各大的产品正加紧占0国内市场,并加快了本地化的步伐。
② 具有研发能力和产业化规模的逐年增加。
③ 国产0压变频器的功率也越做越大,目前国内的应用做到了20000KW。
④ 国内0压变频器的技术标准还有待规范。
⑤ 与0压变频器相配套的产业很不发达。
⑥ 生产工艺一般,可以满足变频器产品的技术要求,价格相对低廉。
⑦ 变频器中使用的功率半导体关键器件完全依赖进口,而且相当长时间内还会依赖进口。
⑧ 与发达国家的技术差距在缩小,具有自主知识产权的产品正应用在国民经济中。
⑨ 已经研制出具有瞬时掉电再恢复、故障再恢复等功能的变频器。
⑩ 部分厂家已经开发出四象限运行的0压变频器。随着现代电力电子技术及计算机控制技术的迅速发展,促进了电气传动的技术革命。交流调速取代直流调速,计算机数字控制取代模拟控制已成为发展趋势。交流电机变频调速是当今节约电能,改善生产工艺流程,提0产品质量,以及改善运行环境的一种主要手段。变频调速以其率,0功率因数,以及0异的调速和启制动性能等诸多0点而被国内外公认为有发展前途的调速方式。
以前的0压变频器,由可控硅整流,可控硅逆变等器件构成,缺点很多,谐波大,对电网和电机都有影响。发展起来的一些新型器件将改变这一现状,如IGBT、IGCT、SGCT等等。由它们构成的0压变频器,性能0异,可以实现PWM逆变,甚至是PWM整流。不仅具有谐波小,功率因数也有很大程度的提0。
行业特点变频器是一种使电动机变速运行进而达到节能效果的设备,习惯上把额定电压在3kV到10kV之间的电动机称为0压电机,因此一般把针对3kV至10kV0电压环境下运行的电动机而开发的变频器称为0压变频器。与低压变频器相比,0压变频器适用于大功率风电、水泵的变频调速,可以收到显著的节能效果。
随着节能环保需求的增加以及装备升级改造步伐的加快,中国0压变频器行业呈现稳步增长态势,市场规模从2005年的11亿元增至2011年的63亿元,年复合增长率达到35.4%;在变频器中的比重也从2006年的12.9%增至2011年的22.8%。2012年随着下业变频化率的提升,0压变频器市场增长速度有望达到34.92%。中国0压变频器行要有以下几个运行特点1.使用方法:
• 将 ACS 800、电机和相连设备正确接地,以便在任何情况下都能确保工作人员 的安全,并减少电磁辐射和干扰。
• 确信接地导线的截面积足够大,以满足安全规范的要求。The project provides major electrical, automation and safety systems. Aker solutions is the EPC contractor of the project. The project is the first industrial carbon capture and storage project jointly constructed by Norwegian national oil company equinor, shell and total energy. It aims to develop an open and flexible infrastructure to safely store carbon dioxide emitted by European industry. The first phase of the project is planned to be completed in the middle of 2024, when 1.5 million tons of carbon dioxide will be permanently stored every year, and the storage capacity of the second phase of the project will be expanded to more than 5 million tons per year. ABB's automation, electrical and digital solutions will be an important part of the aurora borealis project to help the new carbon capture terminal achieve remote operation and ensure efficient operation of the facility. With ABB's industry-leading distributed control system ABB ability ™ With the system 800xA, operators will be able to have a clearer understanding of the operation of the aurora borealis storage facilities. The real-time and historical data analysis capabilities provided by ABB system can instantly present the operation data and KPIs of the plant, so as to help operators make more accurate and wise decisions and choose the best asset and process performance optimization scheme. Abb is not only the market leader of distributed control system, but also our long-term trusted partner. It has a comprehensive understanding of our business and expertise in land, sea and seabed projects. This is our key consideration in selecting suppliers. We must entrust important remote operations to partners with rich successful experience in reliability and performance optimization, so as to lay a solid foundation for this important development plan.
In order to achieve 1.7 billion tons of carbon dioxide capture by 2030 and achieve net zero emissions by 2050, industrial carbon capture and storage capacity is undoubtedly crucial in view of the current inability to curb industrial carbon emissions. Aurora Borealis is a significant development plan, which not only helps to rebalance the carbon cycle, but also demonstrates the spirit of innovation. We are delighted to participate in this inspiring project and contribute to a safer, smarter and more sustainable future. The special transport ship will transport the captured and liquefied carbon dioxide from the emission site to the aurora borealis Ø ygarden storage facility in western Norway, and conduct remote control through equinor's sture terminal facility located about 7 kilometers away. In order to realize remote operation, abb will establish an advanced extended operator workstation in the aurora borealis storage facility, which will work together with sture's central control room to significantly shorten the response time through seamless communication and provide 24/7 remote operation.
ABB will not only provide shore power solutions, but also deploy the main electrical system through the power process management system and the integration of high and low voltage switchboards and transformers to provide power support for the whole project. From July 7 to July 10, abb appeared at the first Xiamen International Red Power new grid equipment exhibition, bringing the world's leading digital distribution solutions. This exhibition focuses on building a tight circulation platform on the supply side and demand side of China's power and electrical industry, and jointly building a new power system with the upstream and downstream of the supply chain to help achieve the "double carbon" goal.
ABB showed its leading medium and low voltage distribution products and system solutions, including ABB unigear ZS1 500mm wide medium voltage air insulated metal enclosed digital switchgear, primegear zx0 environmentally friendly gas insulated switchgear, and neogear ™ Laminated busbar scheme low voltage switchgear, ivd4 ® Innovative products and solutions such as medium voltage intelligent solutions show ABB's leading technical support for achieving China's "carbon neutrality" goal. To achieve the goal of "double carbon", we need to build a new power system with new energy as the main body. Through the Multi Strategy precise tuning innovative solution of ABB zee600 smart energy management center, we can realize the flexible and precise regulation of "source network load storage", and create a green, low-carbon, strong, reliable, intelligent, efficient, safe and comfortable smart park. Through AI big data analysis and optimization and precise regulation and management, we can maximize the local consumption of clean energy, Improve energy efficiency and help achieve carbon emission reduction goals. ABB unigear ZS1 500mm wide switchgear, a complete set of power Internet of things solutions for medium voltage air insulated switches, is only 500mm wide, with withdrawable circuit breakers, which reduces the floor area by 25%, realizes the pre assembly of two sets and improves the efficiency of on-site installation. Using ABB ability ™ Cloud technology "cares" the health of equipment throughout its life cycle, and realizes the leap forward transformation from passive operation and maintenance and preventive detection to predictive maintenance.
ABB primegear zx0 is a 10/24kv environment-friendly digital gas insulated switchgear launched by ABB in the era of digital economy and double carbon based on mature technology and in line with the concept of modern green development. This product inherits the advantages of existing GIS products and has achieved new breakthroughs in environmental protection, safety, reliability, miniaturization and intelligence. The product can be widely used in residential power distribution, rail transit, commercial construction, industry, highways, bridges and tunnels and other fields. ABB NeoGear ™ Low voltage switchgear is a revolutionary innovation of ABB group. Latest neogear ™ The switch cabinet adopts the innovative four pole laminated busbar scheme, combined with abb ability ™ The connectivity and digital capability of the platform can reduce the occupied space by 25%, reduce the heating capacity by 20%, and reduce the operation and maintenance cost by 30%.
This switch cabinet also has a "higher level" safety design. The full insulation design ensures the safety protection of all live parts. The bus components used are 92% less than those of traditional switchgear, and the electrical connectors are 90% less. On the basis of reducing costs and improving operation and maintenance efficiency, making switchgear safer has become an ideal choice for power, food and beverage, data center and other industries. In addition, ivd4 ® The medium voltage intelligent solution was also presented at the exhibition. It realized the deep integration of VD4 Vacuum Circuit Breaker with sensors and monitoring units. The integrated solution is ready to use, helping customers realize the perception of switchgear status more smoothly and intuitively. The accurate evaluation system provides targeted operation and maintenance suggestions, and brings customers a better, more reliable and safer intelligent distribution operation and management experience. High current type
The circuit topology is named for the use of inductive elements in the DC link of the low-voltage converter. The input side adopts thyristor phase-shifting control rectification to control the current of the motor, and the output side adopts forced commutation to control the frequency and phase of the motor. It can realize the four quadrant operation of the motor.
High voltage type
The step-down transformer is introduced in the front section to step down the power grid, and then connect the low-voltage frequency converter. The input side of the low-voltage frequency converter can adopt silicon controlled phase-shifting control rectification, or two tube three-phase bridge direct rectification, and the middle DC part adopts capacitor smoothing and energy storage. IGBT components are often used in inverter or converter circuits. Through SPWM transformation, alternating current with variable frequency and amplitude can be obtained, and then transformed into the voltage level required by the motor through step-up transformer. It should be pointed out that a sine wave filter (f) needs to be placed between the converter circuit and the step-up transformer, otherwise the step-up transformer will heat up due to excessive input harmonics or dv/dt, or damage the insulation of the winding. The cost of this sine wave filter is very high, which is generally equivalent to 1/3 to 1/2 of the price of low-voltage inverter.
High frequency conversion
The high-voltage converter does not need the voltage rise and fall transformer, and the power device directly constructs the converter between the power grid and the motor. Because the problem of withstand voltage of power devices is difficult to solve, the current direct method is to use devices in series to improve the voltage level. Its disadvantage is that it needs to solve the problem of voltage equalization and buffer of devices, which is complex and difficult. However, this kind of frequency converter has no voltage rise and fall transformer, so its efficiency is high, its mode is high, and its structure is relatively compact.
Vector controlled high-voltage inverter has also been applied.
Current situation abroad
Major foreign frequency converter manufacturers have formed a series of products, and their control systems have also achieved full digitalization. Almost all products have vector control function, and the perfect process level is also a foreign feature. In developed countries, as long as there are motors, there will be frequency converters at the same time. Its current development is mainly shown as follows:
① Technology development started early and has a considerable scale of industrialization.
② The frequency converter that can provide extra large power has exceeded 10000kw.
③ The technical standards of frequency conversion and speed regulation products are relatively complete.
④ The supporting industries and industries related to frequency converters have begun to take shape.
⑤ It can produce power devices in frequency converters, such as IGBT, IGCT, sgct, etc.
⑥ High voltage inverter is widely used in various industries and has achieved remarkable economic benefits.
⑦ Internationalization and localization of products have intensified.
⑧ New technologies and processes emerge in endlessly, and are widely and rapidly applied to products.
Future situation
AC variable frequency speed regulation technology is a comprehensive technology of strong and weak current mixing and electromechanical integration. It not only deals with the conversion of huge electric energy (rectification and inversion), but also deals with the collection, transformation and transmission of information. Therefore, it must be divided into two parts: success rate and control. The former should solve the technical problems related to high voltage and large current, and the latter should solve the software and hardware control problems. Therefore, in the future, high-voltage variable-frequency speed regulation technology will also be developed in these two aspects, mainly as follows:
① High voltage inverter will develop in the direction of high power, miniaturization and lightness.
② High voltage inverter will develop in two directions: direct device high voltage and multiple superposition (device series and unit series).
③ New power semiconductor devices with higher voltage and greater current will be used in high voltage converters.
④ At this stage, IGBT, IGCT and sgct will still play a major role, and SCR and GTO will withdraw from the inverter market.
⑤ The application of speed sensorless vector control, flux control and direct torque control will be mature.
⑥ Fully realize digitization and automation: parameter self setting technology; Process self optimization technology; Fault self diagnosis technology.
⑦ The application of 32-bit MCU, DSP, ASIC and other devices to achieve high-precision, multi-function inverter.
⑧ Relevant supporting industries are moving towards industrialization and large-scale development, and the social division of labor will be more obvious. With the further deepening of technical research, domestic high-voltage converters can be compared with imported converters in theory and function, but due to the limitations of technology, the gap with imported products is still obvious. These conditions are mainly reflected in the following aspects:
① Major foreign products are stepping up their occupation of the domestic market and accelerating the pace of localization.
② The R & D capacity and industrialization scale are increasing year by year.
③ The power of domestic high-voltage inverter is also increasing. At present, the domestic application has achieved 20000KW.
④ The technical standards of domestic high-voltage inverter need to be standardized.
⑤ The industry supporting high-voltage inverter is very underdeveloped.
⑥ The production process is general, which can meet the technical requirements of frequency converter products, and the price is relatively low.
⑦ The key components of power semiconductors used in frequency converters are completely imported, and will be imported for a long time.
⑧ The technological gap with developed countries is narrowing, and products with independent intellectual property rights are being applied in the national economy.
⑨ A frequency converter has been developed with the functions of instantaneous power failure recovery and fault recovery.
⑩ Some manufacturers have developed high-voltage frequency converters with four quadrant operation. With the rapid development of modern power electronic technology and computer control technology, the technical revolution of electric drive has been promoted. AC speed regulation replaces DC speed regulation, and computer digital control replaces analog control has become a development trend. AC motor variable frequency speed regulation is a main means to save electric energy, improve production process, improve product quality, and improve the operating environment. Variable frequency speed regulation is recognized as a promising speed regulation mode at home and abroad because of its high speed, high power factor, excellent speed regulation and starting and braking performance.
The previous high-voltage inverter, which was composed of silicon controlled rectifier, silicon controlled inverter and other devices, had many shortcomings and large harmonics, which had an impact on the power grid and motor. Some new devices developed will change this situation, such as IGBT, IGCT, sgct and so on. The high-voltage inverter composed of them has excellent performance and can realize PWM inverter, even PWM rectifier. It not only has low harmonics, but also improves the power factor to a great extent.
Industry characteristics frequency converter is a kind of equipment that can make the motor run at variable speed and achieve energy-saving effect. Traditionally, the motor with rated voltage between 3KV and 10kV is called high-voltage motor. Therefore, the frequency converter developed for the motor running in the environment of 3KV to 10kV High voltage is generally called high-voltage frequency converter. Compared with low-voltage inverter, high-voltage inverter is suitable for variable-frequency speed regulation of high-power wind power and water pump, and can receive significant energy-saving effect.
With the increasing demand for energy conservation and environmental protection and the accelerated pace of equipment upgrading and transformation, China's high-voltage inverter industry has shown a steady growth trend. The market size increased from 1.1 billion yuan in 2005 to 6.3 billion yuan in 2011, with an annual compound growth rate of 35.4%; Its proportion in frequency converters also increased from 12.9% in 2006 to 22.8% in 2011. In 2012, with the improvement of frequency conversion rate, the growth rate of high-voltage inverter market is expected to reach 34.92%. China's high-voltage inverter industry should have the following operating characteristics 1 usage method:
• properly ground the ACS 800, motor and connected equipment, so as to ensure the safety of workers and reduce electromagnetic radiation and interference in any case.
• make sure that the cross-sectional area of the grounding conductor is large enough to meet the requirements of Safety specifications.
• the grounding terminals of multiple ACS 800 cannot be connected in series.
• in the installation sites that comply with European CE standards and other places where EMC radiation must be reduced, the cable inlet should maintain 360 ° high-frequency grounding to suppress electromagnetic interference. In addition, the cable shield must be connected to the protective earth wire (PE) to comply with safety regulations. • In power systems with floating ground or high ground resistance (>30ohms), do not install frequency converters with EMC filters (optional options are +e202 or +e200).
2. Only qualified electrical engineers are allowed to install and maintain the transmission unit.
• it is forbidden to install or repair the transmission unit, motor cable or motor with electricity. After cutting off the input power supply, wait for at least 5 minutes, and then operate after the discharge of the capacitor of the intermediate circuit. It should also be measured with a multimeter (impedance of at least 1 megohm) to determine 1 The voltage between the transmission input phases U1, V1, W1 and the cabinet frame is close to 0V 2. The voltage between terminals udc+ and udc- and the cabinet frame is close to 0V
• it is forbidden to operate the control cable when the transmission unit or external control circuit is live. Even if the main power supply of ACS 800 is powered off, there may still be dangerous voltages introduced by external control circuits.
• all insulation tests must be carried out with the cable disconnected.
• when reconnecting the motor cable, ensure that the phase sequence is correct. be careful:
• no matter whether the motor is running or not, as long as the input power of ACS 800 drive is connected, there will be dangerous high voltage at the cable terminals of the motor.
• brake control terminal(